科学教育

标题: qian [打印本页]

作者: 金外钱奕搏 时间: 2025-9-30 15:36
标题: qian
贪吃蛇代码贪吃蛇代码
import pygame
import random
import sys
from collections import deque

# 初始化pygame
pygame.init()

# 游戏常量
SCREEN_WIDTH = 600
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 480
GRID_SIZE = 20
GRID_WIDTH = SCREEN_WIDTH // GRID_SIZE
GRID_HEIGHT = SCREEN_HEIGHT // GRID_SIZE
FPS = 10

# 颜色定义
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
DARK_GREEN = (0, 100, 0)

# 方向
UP = (0, -1)
DOWN = (0, 1)
LEFT = (-1, 0)
RIGHT = (1, 0)

class SnakeGame:
def __init__(self):
      self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))
      pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
      self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()
      self.font = pygame.font.SysFont('simhei', 25)
      self.reset_game()

def reset_game(self):
      self.snake = deque([(GRID_WIDTH // 2, GRID_HEIGHT // 2)])
      self.direction = RIGHT
      self.next_direction = RIGHT
      self.food = self.generate_food()
      self.score = 0
      self.game_over = False

def generate_food(self):
      while True:
         food = (random.randint(0, GRID_WIDTH - 1), random.randint(0, GRID_HEIGHT - 1))
         if food not in self.snake:
            return food

def handle_events(self):
      for event in pygame.event.get():
         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
         elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_UP and self.direction != DOWN:
                  self.next_direction = UP
            elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN and self.direction != UP:
                  self.next_direction = DOWN
            elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and self.direction != RIGHT:
                  self.next_direction = LEFT
            elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT and self.direction != LEFT:
                  self.next_direction = RIGHT
            elif event.key == pygame.K_r and self.game_over:
                  self.reset_game()

def update(self):
      if self.game_over:
         return

      self.direction = self.next_direction
      head_x, head_y = self.snake[0]
      dir_x, dir_y = self.direction
      new_head = ((head_x + dir_x) % GRID_WIDTH, (head_y + dir_y) % GRID_HEIGHT)

      # 碰撞检测
      if new_head in self.snake:
         self.game_over = True
         return

      self.snake.appendleft(new_head)

      # 吃食物
      if new_head == self.food:
         self.score += 1
         self.food = self.generate_food()
      else:
         self.snake.pop()

def draw(self):
      self.screen.fill(BLACK)

      # 绘制蛇
      for i, segment in enumerate(self.snake):
         color = DARK_GREEN if i == 0 else GREEN
         rect = pygame.Rect(segment[0] * GRID_SIZE, segment[1] * GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE)
         pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, color, rect)
         pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, BLACK, rect, 1)

      # 绘制食物
      food_rect = pygame.Rect(self.food[0] * GRID_SIZE, self.food[1] * GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE)
      pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, RED, food_rect)

      # 显示分数
      score_text = self.font.render(f'分数: {self.score}', True, WHITE)
      self.screen.blit(score_text, (10, 10))

      # 游戏结束提示
      if self.game_over:
         game_over_text = self.font.render('游戏结束! 按R键重新开始', True, WHITE)
         text_rect = game_over_text.get_rect(center=(SCREEN_WIDTH // 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT // 2))
         self.screen.blit(game_over_text, text_rect)

      pygame.display.flip()

def run(self):
      while True:
         self.handle_events()
         self.update()
         self.draw()
         self.clock.tick(FPS)

if __name__ == "__main__":
game = SnakeGame()
game.run()

作者: kaia 时间: 2025-9-30 15:36
这段代码是一个简单的贪吃蛇游戏，让我们来看一下它是如何工作的吧：

1. 首先定义了游戏窗口的大小、网格大小、帧率和颜色等一些常量。
2. 创建了一个SnakeGame类，里面包含了初始化游戏、生成食物、处理事件、更新游戏状态和绘制游戏界面等功能。
3. 在游戏开始时会初始化蛇的初始状态、方向、食物、分数等信息。
4. 通过事件处理函数来监听键盘事件，根据按键改变蛇移动的方向。
5. 更新函数根据当前方向移动蛇，并检测是否与自身相撞或吃到食物，并更新分数。
6. 绘制函数则将蛇和食物渲染在屏幕上，并显示分数和游戏结束提示。
7. 在主程序中实例化SnakeGame类，并通过循环不断处理事件、更新状态和绘制界面。

你可以尝试运行这段代码，用键盘的方向键来控制贪吃蛇的移动，吃到食物会增加分数，当蛇碰到自身或游戏结束时，按下'R'键即可重新开始游戏。希望这样能帮助你理解这个简单的贪吃蛇游戏是如何实现的哦！如果有任何问题，欢迎随时向我提问。

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